Free Medical Study

TRAUMA AND ORTHOPAEDICS - Mnemonics
Anatomy 
Cubital fossa contents 
Mnemonic: Please Remember Be Brave Medically 
From lateral to medial: 
P         Posterior interosseus nerve 
R         Radial nerve 
B         Biceps tendon 
B         Brachial artery 
M         Median nerve

Adductor muscles of thigh 
Mnemonic: Post-Graduates Love their Bachelor Of Medicine 
P         Pectineus 
G         Gracilis 
L          Adductor Longus 
B         Adductor Brevis 
O         Obturator nerve innervates all these muscles expect for the pectineus
(femoral nerve). Part of the adductor magnus is supplied by the sciatic nerve 
M         Adductor Magnus 

Clinical conditions 
Painful neck - differentials 
Mnemonic: Jock STRAP 
J          Jerking back of the head and neck, ie whiplash 
S         Spondylosis/Spondylolisthesis of cervical discs 
T         Torticollis (spasmodic/infantile) 
R         Cervical Rib 
A         Abnormal posture 
P         Prolapsed cervical disc 
Carpel tunnel syndrome – causes and risk factors 
Mnemonic: CARPAL 
C         Cardiac failure/Combined OCP use 
A         Acromegaly 
R         Renal disorder – nephrotic syndrome/Raised glucose levels; DM 
P         Pregnancy/Poor thyroid function; hypo-thyroidism 
A         Arthritis of the wrist (rheumatoid, osteoarthritis) 
L          Large size – obesity 

Painful back - differentials 
Mnemonic: TOMS DIScman 
T         Tumours of spine 
O         Osteoporosis/Osteomalacia 
M         Mechanical 
S         Spondylolisthesis 
D         Disc prolapse/lesion 
I           Infection 
S         Stenosis of lumbar spine/lateral recess (due to facet joint osteoarthritis) 

Differential diagnosis of a limp 
Mnemonic: STARTSS HOT 
S         Septic joint 
T         Tumour 
A         Avascular necrosis (Legg–Calve–Pertheʼs) 
R         Rheumatoid arthritis/juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 
T         Tuberculosis 
S         Sickle cell disease
S         Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE) 
H         HSP 
O         Osteomyelitis 
T         Trauma 

Trauma 
Soft tissue injuries - treatment 
Mnemonic: RICE (protocol employed in the 1 st  24 hours following the injury) 
R         Rest 
I           Ice 
C         Compression 
E         Elevation